Basic structure of the most popular indexable tool

Basic structure of indexable tools

I. composition of tools

indexable tools are generally composed of blades, tool pads, clamping elements and tool bodies, as shown in the figure

the functions of each part are:

1 Blade: it is responsible for cutting and forming the machined surface

2. Knife pad: protect the knife body and determine the position of the blade (cutting edge)

3. Clamping element: clamping blade and knife pad

4. Tool body: the carrier of the tool body and/or tool pad, which undertakes and transmits the cutting force and cutting torque, and completes the connection between the blade and the machine tool

second, the structure of the tool

the structure of the indexable tool includes the clamping form of the blade, the clamping form of the tool pad lifting and moving the beam to make the distance between the upper and lower pressing plates about 20mm, and the connection form between the tool body and the machine tool

1. Clamping form of blade

the clamping mode of blade is affected by blade shape, tool size, tool function and other factors. The following conditions must be met during clamping:

1) the clamping and positioning of the blade should conform to the cutting force positioning and clamping principle, that is, the resultant force of the cutting force must act within the perimeter of the blade bearing surface

2) the positioning of the peripheral dimension of the blade meets the three-point positioning principle

3) the friction force generated by the resultant force of cutting force and clamping force on the positioning base surface (blade and tool body) must be greater than the alternating force caused by cutting vibration to make the blade separate from the positioning base surface

the action principle of clamping force is shown in the figure below

iso symbol (turning tool) CPMS description top surface clamping cylindrical hole clamping top surface and cylindrical hole clamping counterbore clamping diagram

2 The form and clamping of the tool pad

the form and clamping of the tool pad are affected by the tool size and the functional factors of the tool pad. Tool holder and tool holder have gradually become independent functional components, and their form and clamping should meet the principles of combination optimization and flexibility, including the following two requirements:

1) change the form and size of tool holder to control the coordinate position of cutting edge and form the final motion trajectory during cutting, so as to meet the requirements of workpiece surface shape

2) to replace different small tool holders or tool heads to combine tools with various properties, so as to meet different processing requirements and reduce the number of tool bodies at the same time

3. Connection form of tool body and machine tool the oil tank volume and volume of the current press are small

the connection form of tool body and machine tool should give full play to the advantages of regional agglomeration and development. The connection form should conform to the principles of high stiffness, high precision and quick change, which includes the following two aspects:

1) connection form and size standardization

2) the same connection form can replace different intermediate extension modules and different types of cutting tool heads - tool system

III. formation of tool angle

the angle of indexable tool is synthesized by the angle of blade and the angle of the bottom surface of blade groove on the tool bar, and its value is the algebraic sum of geometric angles of relevant parts. Its determination is shown in the table

name definition formula each method has its own characteristics. The rake angle of the indexable tool is equal to the algebra and G0 of the rake angle between the blade and the cutter bar in the orthogonal plane. The rake angle of the indexable tool =g0 blade +g0 cutter bar is equal to the difference between the rake angle of the blade in the orthogonal plane and the rake angle of the cutter bar in the orthogonal plane. A0 tool =a0 blade -g0 cutter bar edge inclination. The rake angle of the indexable tool is equal to the algebra and ls of the rake angle of the blade and the cutter bar Tool =ls blade +ls arbor main deflection angle the main deflection angle of indexable tool is determined by the main deflection angle of the arbor itself Kr tool =kr Arbor